Sapphire has excellent thermal conduction and heat radiation, being resistant to common chemical acids and alkaline. Sapphire can withstand high pressures and suited for many applications when used as a window in harsh environments.
Sapphire Substrates (Sapphire Wafers, Sapphire Plates, Sapphire Windows) are manufactured in a random or specified orientation. Sapphire Substrates are extremely hard and scratch resistant useful for their (UV) ultraviolet, (VIS) visible and (IR) infrared transmission.